{"id":128,"date":"2024-11-29T16:43:13","date_gmt":"2024-11-29T08:43:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wbki.net\/?p=128"},"modified":"2024-11-29T16:43:14","modified_gmt":"2024-11-29T08:43:14","slug":"linux%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e6%8c%87%e5%ae%9a%e5%a4%a7%e5%b0%8f%e7%9a%84%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e4%bb%a5%e5%8f%8a%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e8%99%9a%e6%8b%9f%e5%86%85%e5%ad%98%e5%8f%8a%e6%9d%83%e9%99%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wbki.net\/?p=128","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u521b\u5efa\u6307\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u53ca\u6743\u9650"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/guanghe\/p\/8908814.html\">linux\u521b\u5efa\u6307\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/a><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u751f\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u5360\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>dd if=\/dev\/zero of=50M.file bs=1M count=50<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>dd if=\/dev\/zero of=20G.file bs=1G count=20<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>bs=1M\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u51991M\u6570\u636e\uff0ccount=50\u8868\u793a\u8bfb\u5199 50\u6b21\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u751f\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a50M\u3002bs\u53c2\u6570\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3aibs\u548cobs\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u4e3a\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Buffer\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u751f\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0d\u5360\u7a7a\u95f4\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>dd if=\/dev\/zero of=1G.img bs=1M seek=1000 count=0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u547d\u4ee4seek\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7565\u8fc71000\u4e2aBlock\u4e0d\u5199\uff08\u8fd9\u91ccBlock\u6309\u7167bs\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f1M\uff09\uff0ccount=0\u8868\u793a\u5199\u51650\u4e2aBlock\u3002\u7528ls(\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f)\u547d\u4ee4\u770b\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u662f1000M\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u518d\u7528du\uff08\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\u4e00\u770b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u5360\u7528\u786c\u76d8\u5927\u5c0f\u53ea\u67090M\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>dd\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>dd [\u9009\u9879]<br>if =\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6216\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u79f0\uff09\u3002<br>of =\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6216\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u79f0\uff09\u3002<br>ibs = bytes \u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6bytes\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5373\u8bfb\u5165\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u3002<br>skip = blocks \u8df3\u8fc7\u8bfb\u5165\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5f00\u5934\u7684ibs*blocks\u5757\u3002<br>obs = bytes \u4e00\u6b21\u5199\u5165bytes\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5373\u5199\u5165\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u3002<br>bs = bytes \u540c\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bfb\/\u5199\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff08\u7b49\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6eibs\u548cobs\uff09\u3002<br>cbs = byte \u4e00\u6b21\u8f6c\u6362bytes\u5b57\u8282\u3002<br>count=blocks \u53ea\u62f7\u8d1d\u8f93\u5165\u7684blocks\u5757\u3002<br>conv = ASCII \u628aEBCDIC\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aASCIl\u7801\u3002<br>conv = ebcdic \u628aASCIl\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aEBCDIC\u7801\u3002<br>conv = ibm \u628aASCIl\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aalternate EBCDIC\u7801\u3002<br>conv = block \u628a\u53d8\u52a8\u4f4d\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u56fa\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<br>conv = ublock \u628a\u56fa\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u53d8\u52a8\u4f4d\u3002<br>conv = ucase \u628a\u5b57\u6bcd\u7531\u5c0f\u5199\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5927\u5199\u3002<br>conv = lcase \u628a\u5b57\u6bcd\u7531\u5927\u5199\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5199\u3002<br>conv = notrunc \u4e0d\u622a\u77ed\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br>conv = swab \u4ea4\u6362\u6bcf\u4e00\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u8282\u3002<br>conv = noerror \u51fa\u9519\u65f6\u4e0d\u505c\u6b62\u5904\u7406\u3002<br>conv = sync \u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u90fd\u8c03\u5230ibs\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u7528NUL\u586b\u5145\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>iconv\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>iconv [\u9009\u9879&#8230;] [\u6587\u4ef6&#8230;]<br>\u8f93\u5165\/\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u89c4\u8303\uff1a<br>-f, &#8211;from-code=\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u7801<br>-t, &#8211;to-code=\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u7801<br>\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<br>-l, &#8211;list \u5217\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6<br>\u8f93\u51fa\u63a7\u5236\uff1a<br>-c \u4ece\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u5ffd\u7565\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<br>-o, &#8211;output=FILE \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6<br>-s, &#8211;silent \u5173\u95ed\u8b66\u544a<br>&#8211;verbose \u6253\u5370\u8fdb\u5ea6\u4fe1\u606f<br>-?, &#8211;help \u7ed9\u51fa\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6c42\u52a9\u5217\u8868<br>&#8211;usage \u7ed9\u51fa\u7b80\u8981\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u4fe1\u606f<br>-V, &#8211;version \u6253\u5370\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7248\u672c\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wbki.net\/\">linux\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58<\/a><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff08Swap Space\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. \u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d Swap \u72b6\u6001<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 Swap \u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>swapon --show<br><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>swapon<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u7528\u6216\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d Swap \u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>--show<\/code>\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u542f\u7528\u7684 Swap \u533a\u57df\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u542f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55 Swap\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Swap \u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>dd<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684 Swap \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>sudo dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/swapfile bs=1G count=2<br><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>sudo<\/code>\uff1a\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6743\u9650\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>dd<\/code>\uff1a\u590d\u5236\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>if=\/dev\/zero<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a <code>\/dev\/zero<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u8f93\u51fa\u96f6\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u586b\u5145\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>of=\/swapfile<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a <code>\/swapfile<\/code>\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u7684 Swap \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>bs=1G<\/code>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 1GB\uff08\u6bcf\u6b21\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>count=2<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5757\u6570\u4e3a 2\uff08\u6700\u7ec8\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 2GB\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u751f\u6210\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a <code>swapfile<\/code> \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 2GB\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709 root \u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee Swap \u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>sudo chmod 600 \/swapfile<br><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>chmod<\/code>\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>600<\/code>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\u4e3a\u4ec5\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u53ef\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/swapfile<\/code>\uff1a\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a Swap<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>mkswap<\/code> \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a Swap \u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>sudo mkswap \/swapfile<br><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>mkswap<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u5206\u533a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a Swap\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/swapfile<\/code>\uff1a\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. \u542f\u7528 Swap \u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7 <code>swapon<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u7528\u521b\u5efa\u7684 Swap \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>sudo swapon \/swapfile<br><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>swapon<\/code>\uff1a\u542f\u7528 Swap\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/swapfile<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u542f\u7528\u7684 Swap \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u518d\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u67e5\u770b Swap \u662f\u5426\u542f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>swapon --show<br><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. \u6c38\u4e45\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9 Swap \u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 <code>\/etc\/fstab<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>echo '\/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a \/etc\/fstab<br><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>echo<\/code>\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>'\/swapfile none swap sw 0 0'<\/code>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>\/swapfile<\/code>\uff1aSwap \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>none<\/code>\uff1a\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\uff0cSwap \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>none<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>swap<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6b64\u6761\u76ee\u662f Swap\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>sw<\/code>\uff1a\u6302\u8f7d\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u542f\u7528 Swap\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>0 0<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u9009\u9879\uff0cSwap \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>sudo tee -a<\/code>\uff1a\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6743\u9650\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 <code>\/etc\/fstab<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e Swap \u65f6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5173\u4e8e <code>sw<\/code> \u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>sw<\/code> \u662f <code>mount<\/code> \u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6b64\u6761\u76ee\u662f Swap \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u542f\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0cSwap \u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u9009\u9879\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code>sw<\/code> \u6765\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b83\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e\u3002Swap \u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u5206\u533a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5355\u4e00\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff0c<code>sw<\/code> \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5173\u4e8e <code>0 0<\/code> \u914d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>0 0<\/code> \u662f <code>\/etc\/fstab<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u662f\u5426\u7528\u4e8e <code>dump<\/code> \u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5907\u4efd<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u662f\u5426\u7528\u4e8e <code>fsck<\/code> \u5de5\u5177\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u68c0\u67e5\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. \u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\uff1a<code>dump<\/code> \u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u503c\u4e3a <code>0<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>dump<\/code>\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u5907\u4efd\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u503c\u4e3a <code>1<\/code> \u6216 <code>2<\/code> \u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 <code>\/<\/code> \u6216 <code>\/home<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e Swap \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fc5\u987b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>0<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\uff1a<code>fsck<\/code> \u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b9a\u4e49\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>0<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\uff08Swap \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u68c0\u67e5\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>1<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08<code>\/<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>2<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 Swap \u5fc5\u987b\u662f <code>0<\/code>\uff1f<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Swap \u6587\u4ef6\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u7531 <code>mkswap<\/code> \u5de5\u5177\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u7531\u5185\u6838\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab <code>fsck<\/code> \u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7. \u8c03\u6574 Swap \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7 <code>sysctl<\/code> \u6216\u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8c03\u6574 Swap \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10<br><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>sysctl<\/code>\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>vm.swappiness=10<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 Swappiness \u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 10\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e Swap \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\uff08\u8303\u56f4\uff1a0-100\uff0c\u503c\u8d8a\u4f4e\u8d8a\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u6c38\u4e45\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f16\u8f91 <code>\/etc\/sysctl.conf<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>vm.swappiness=10<br><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u751f\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>sudo sysctl -p<br><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>8. \u5220\u9664 Swap \u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u9700\u79fb\u9664 Swap \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7981\u7528 Swap \u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a<code>sudo swapoff \/swapfile<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4ece <code>\/etc\/fstab<\/code> \u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6761\u76ee<\/strong>\uff1a \u624b\u52a8\u7f16\u8f91 <code>\/etc\/fstab<\/code>\uff0c\u5220\u9664 <code>\/swapfile<\/code> \u7684\u76f8\u5173\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a<code>sudo rm \/swapfile<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6210\u529f\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u7ba1\u7406 Swap \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6982\u89c8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u6b65\u9aa4<\/th><th>\u547d\u4ee4<\/th><th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u68c0\u67e5\u72b6\u6001<\/td><td><code>swapon --show<\/code><\/td><td>\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d Swap \u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><td><code>sudo dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/swapfile bs=1G count=2<\/code><\/td><td>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a 2GB \u7684 Swap \u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4fee\u6539\u6743\u9650<\/td><td><code>sudo chmod 600 \/swapfile<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u4e3a\u4ec5 root \u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb\u5199<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><td><code>sudo mkswap \/swapfile<\/code><\/td><td>\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a Swap<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u542f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><td><code>sudo swapon \/swapfile<\/code><\/td><td>\u542f\u7528 Swap \u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6c38\u4e45\u914d\u7f6e<\/td><td>`echo &#8216;\/swapfile none swap sw 0 0&#8217;<\/td><td>sudo tee -a \/etc\/fstab`<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u8c03\u6574\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/td><td><code>sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10<\/code><\/td><td>\u8c03\u6574\u7cfb\u7edf Swappiness \u503c<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u5236\u6b64\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\u672c\u5730\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a <code>.md<\/code> \u6216 <code>.txt<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wbki.net\/\">linux\u6743\u9650<\/a><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><code>chmod 600<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d <code>chmod<\/code> \u662f &#8220;change mode&#8221; \u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u800c <code>600<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 Linux \u548c Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u901a\u5e38\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7ec4\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff08owner\uff09\u3001\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff08group\uff09\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\uff08others\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u7ec4\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8bfb\uff08r\uff09\u3001\u5199\uff08w\uff09\u6216\u6267\u884c\uff08x\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u6570 4\u30012 \u548c 1\u3002\u6743\u9650\u6570\u5b57 <code>600<\/code> \u5206\u89e3\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u00a0<code>6<\/code>\u00a0\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c<code>6<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u00a0<code>4<\/code>\uff08\u8bfb\uff09+\u00a0<code>2<\/code>\uff08\u5199\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6709\u8bfb\u548c\u5199\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u00a0<code>0<\/code>\u00a0\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c<code>0<\/code>\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u00a0<code>0<\/code>\u00a0\u4ee3\u8868\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c<code>0<\/code>\u00a0\u4e5f\u8868\u793a\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c<code>chmod 600<\/code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u6743\u9650\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul 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